|
Practices
|
\(<\)6 months
|
6–11 months
|
1–2 years
|
3–5 years
|
\(>\)5 years
|
Total
|
\(\chi ^{2}\)
|
df
|
|---|
|
n
|
%
|
n
|
%
|
n
|
%
|
n
|
%
|
n
|
%
|
n
|
%
|
|---|
|
Iteration planning
|
36
|
65.5
|
47
|
75.8
|
103
|
69.6
|
104
|
89.7
|
29
|
72.5
|
319
|
75.6
|
83.15***
|
5
|
|
Retrospectives
|
27
|
49.1
|
40
|
64.5
|
106
|
71.6
|
107
|
92.2
|
31
|
77.5
|
311
|
73.7
|
96.88***
|
5
|
|
Daily standup
|
25
|
45.5
|
34
|
54.8
|
107
|
72.3
|
97
|
83.6
|
29
|
72.5
|
292
|
69.2
|
74.81***
|
5
|
|
Unit testing
|
28
|
50.9
|
30
|
48.4
|
93
|
62.8
|
101
|
87.1
|
34
|
85.0
|
286
|
67.8
|
47.70***
|
5
|
|
Burndown
|
25
|
45.5
|
35
|
56.5
|
98
|
66.2
|
79
|
68.1
|
18
|
45.0
|
255
|
60.4
|
54.88***
|
5
|
|
Refactoring
|
24
|
43.6
|
28
|
45.2
|
87
|
58.8
|
84
|
72.4
|
32
|
80.0
|
255
|
60.4
|
29.46***
|
5
|
|
Continuous integration
|
23
|
41.8
|
23
|
37.1
|
86
|
58.1
|
86
|
74.1
|
30
|
75.0
|
248
|
58.8
|
56.09***
|
5
|
|
Release planning
|
18
|
32.7
|
27
|
43.5
|
84
|
56.8
|
79
|
68.1
|
25
|
62.5
|
233
|
55.2
|
41.48***
|
5
|
|
Coding standards
|
22
|
40.0
|
32
|
51.6
|
68
|
45.9
|
77
|
66.4
|
30
|
75.0
|
229
|
54.3
|
24.24***
|
5
|
|
Kanban
|
24
|
43.6
|
31
|
50.0
|
75
|
50.7
|
66
|
56.9
|
19
|
47.5
|
215
|
50.9
|
29.20***
|
5
|
|
Collective code ownership
|
23
|
41.8
|
21
|
33.9
|
76
|
51.4
|
68
|
58.6
|
24
|
60.0
|
212
|
50.2
|
15.91**
|
5
|
|
Automated builds
|
16
|
29.1
|
12
|
19.4
|
64
|
43.2
|
86
|
74.1
|
27
|
67.5
|
205
|
48.6
|
80.57***
|
5
|
|
Pair programming
|
10
|
18.2
|
23
|
37.1
|
67
|
45.3
|
68
|
58.6
|
25
|
62.5
|
193
|
45.7
|
42.31***
|
5
|
|
Velocity
|
14
|
25.5
|
20
|
32.3
|
60
|
40.5
|
66
|
56.9
|
21
|
52.5
|
181
|
42.9
|
31.59***
|
5
|
|
Test driven development
|
13
|
23.6
|
14
|
22.6
|
52
|
35.1
|
68
|
58.6
|
25
|
62.5
|
172
|
40.8
|
42.67***
|
5
|
|
On-site customer
|
13
|
23.6
|
19
|
30.6
|
46
|
31.1
|
65
|
56.0
|
19
|
47.5
|
162
|
38.4
|
34.15***
|
5
|
|
Digital task board
|
12
|
21.8
|
18
|
29.0
|
55
|
37.2
|
44
|
37.9
|
16
|
40.0
|
145
|
34.4
|
16.32**
|
5
|
|
Continuous deployment
|
12
|
21.8
|
18
|
29.0
|
41
|
27.7
|
54
|
46.6
|
17
|
42.5
|
142
|
33.6
|
25.89***
|
5
|
|
Open workspaces
|
11
|
20.0
|
13
|
21.0
|
37
|
25.0
|
46
|
39.7
|
20
|
50.0
|
127
|
30.1
|
30.64***
|
5
|
|
ATDD
|
4
|
7.3
|
3
|
4.8
|
26
|
17.6
|
41
|
35.3
|
15
|
37.5
|
89
|
21.1
|
48.08***
|
5
|
|
BDD
|
4
|
7.3
|
7
|
11.3
|
21
|
14.2
|
22
|
19.0
|
10
|
25.0
|
64
|
15.2
|
14.69*
|
5
|
|
Other
|
1
|
1.8
|
1
|
1.6
|
3
|
2.0
|
3
|
2.6
|
7
|
17.5
|
15
|
3.6
|
24.72***
|
5
|
-
\(N= 471\)
- Significance levels: *** p \(<\) 0.001, ** p \(<\) 0.01, * p \(<\) 0.05
