Table 3 Handwritten signature main works
Paper of origin | Feature approach | Feature selection approach | Error rate |
|---|---|---|---|
[24] | x, y and z coordinates | Relief | 6.56% EER |
[25] | Sparse autoencoders | PCA | 0.83 EER |
0.77 EER | |||
[26] | Full factorial and optimal orthogonal experiment design | Consistent and discriminative features | 2.17% EER |
2.60% EER | |||
[27] | Similarity matrix of features | PCA | 7.4% FAR |
6.4% FRR | |||
[28] | Signature writing time, total number of signatures, horizontal and vertical coordinates, pressure value, height angle, inclination angle, and length-width ratio of a signature x and y coordinates | Relief | 1.25% FAR, 1.25% FRR 5.12% FAR, 5.5 FRR |